Natives in the Landscape

Key Events

© 2006 Charles City County

Historical Record: Key Events

Chickahominy

Nov 1607 November 9-11, 1607
Chickahominies provided corn in trade to John Smith sufficient to feed the settlers through the winter.

December 10, 1607
John Smith attempted to explore the upper Chickahominy, was captured and spent a month in captivity.

Spring 1614
Chickahominies negotiated a Peace Treaty with the English under which they promised to pay tribute to the English in the form of corn and to supply warriors to fight the Spanish.


1616
English attacked the Chickahominies when they failed to pay tribute. Chickahominies paid ransom for captive leaders. Opecancanough intervened between the Chickahominies and the English.

March 1622
Chickahominies participated in the Great Assault on the English settlements.

1622-1628
English waged systematic reprisals against Native tribes forcing the Chickahominy to move up river.

1628
Peace Treaty

1632
Peace Treaty

1644
Chickahominies participated in the Second Great Assault on English settlements.

1645
English attacked Ozinies, the one Chickahominy town remaining on the lower Chickahominy River. Survivors fled to upper Mattiponi River and to the Pamunkey Tribe.

1646
Necotowance’s Treaty forced Indians out of the land between the James and York Rivers. Chickahominies moved to north side of Pamunkey River near modern-day West Point.

1661
Chickahominies moved to new lands on the upper Mattaponi near modern-day Aylett.

May 1677
First Treaty of Middle Plantation was signed by the Queen of the Pamunkey for the Chickahominy who objected to this subjugation.

1702
Chickahominies lost their land on the Upper Mattaponi and went to live with the Pamunkey Tribe.

Paspahegh

ca.1560
Paquinquineo was captured by the Spanish and taken abroad and baptized Don Luis de Velasco.

1570-71
Spanish returned with Don Luis and established a mission on the York River. Don Luis returned to his tribe and the missionaries were killed.

May 5, 1607
Paspaheghs entertained visitors from England.

May 13, 1607
English settlers landed at Jamestown Island and built a Fort in Paspahegh territory.

May 27, 1607
Paspaheghs attacked James Fort.

May 1608
Paspaheghs captured Englishmen hoping to trade for release of captured Paspaheghs. John Smith burned a Paspahegh village.

Spring 1609
Paspahegh Chief was captured and held prisoner as ransom for Germans living with Powhatan. He escaped, and John Smith retaliated by burning Paspahegh houses and destroying fishing weirs.

August 1610
Paspahegh Chief’s town was attacked. Chief’s family was killed, but he escaped.

February 1611
Paspahegh Chief attempted an ambush near James Fort and was killed.

May 1611
Paspahegh disbursed to join other tribes.

Weyanock

May 26-27, 1607
Weynocks on both sides of the James River entertained the English on their return from an exploratory trip to the Falls.

1611
English settlements were planted at Henrico and Bermuda Hundred in Weyanock territory.

1613
English planters settled West and Shirley Hundred in the immediate vicinity of the Weyanock Chief’s town and two other Weyanock villages.

1617
Opechancanough gave Sir George Yeardley 2,200 acres of Weyanock territory.

ca.1618
Tanks Weyanock was settled by English planters.

1619
Westover and Berkeley Town and Hundred were settled by English planters in Weyanock territory.

ca.1620
Swinhow’s and Causey’s Care, two more English private plantations, were settled in Weyanock territory.

March 22, 1622
Weyanocks participated in the Great Assault on English plantations.

1622-1628
English waged systematic reprisals against Native tribes forcing the Weyanocks to leave their villages.

April 18, 1644
Weyanocks participated in the Second Great Assault on English plantations.

ca. 1644
Weyanocks fled the James River area and settled along the Roanoke River in modern day North Carolina.

1653
Weyanocks moved to Nottoway River near Courtland, Virginia.

1661(2)
Weyanocks appealed to English for protection from Nansemond attacks and stayed with the English for two years within the Blackwater Boundary.

1664
Weyanocks returned to the Roanoke River.


Articles of Peace, printed by John Bill, Christopher Barker, Thomas Newcomb and Henry Hills, London 1677. Courtesy Special Collections, Earl Gregg Swem Library, College of William and Mary.

1667
Weyanocks moved to settle on the Meherrin River and again sought asylum with the English.

ca.1670
Weyanocks purchased land from the Tuscaroras on south side of Blackwater River, slightly west of Waverly, Virginia.

May 1677
Weyanocks signed the first Treaty of Middle Plantation.

1693
Weyanocks abandoned their settlement and dispersed to live with the Nansemonds and the Nottoways.

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Natural Environment Learn about the Chickahominy tribe. Learn about the Paspahegh tribe. Learn about the Weyanock tribe.